我们可以在内存中创建DataTable对象，同样也可以对它们进行进一步的各种操作，下面的示例程序中，让我们来学习如何对它们进行基本的增删改的操作。作为示例程序的第一步我们应该是先创建一个Windows Forms的项目，然后定义一个存储和传递数据的类。
1.定义一个Employee类
在Employee类中定义基本的成员属性，构造函数和获取对象集合的静态方法。如下：
View Code 1 ///2 /// 员工类 3 /// 4 public class Employee 5 { 6 ///7 /// 员工ID 8 /// 9 public Int64 ID { get; set; }10 11 ///12 /// 全名13 /// 14 public string FullName { get; set; }15 16 ///17 /// 手机号18 /// 19 public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }20 21 ///22 /// Email23 /// 24 public string Email { get; set; }25 26 ///27 /// 无参构造函数28 /// 29 public Employee() { }30 31 ///32 /// 有参构造函数33 /// 34 /// 35 /// 36 /// 37 /// 38 public Employee(Int64 id, string fullName, string phoneNumber, string email)39 {40 this.ID = id;41 this.FullName = fullName;42 this.PhoneNumber = phoneNumber;43 this.Email = email;44 }45 46 ///47 /// 获取员工对象集合48 /// 49 ///50 public static List GetEmployeeList()51 {52 return new List 53 {54 new Employee(id:1,fullName:"小强",phoneNumber:"18656678765",email:"xiaoqiang@126.com"),55 new Employee(id:2,fullName:"如花",phoneNumber:"15156678765",email:"ruhua@126.com"),56 new Employee(id:3,fullName:"玉面小飞龙",phoneNumber:"13856787665",email:"feilong@126.com"),57 new Employee(id:4,fullName:"旺财",phoneNumber:"13497747665",email:"wancai@126.com"),58 new Employee(id:5,fullName:"来福",phoneNumber:"13908778765",email:"laifu@126.com")59 };60 }61 }
2.创建EmployeeManager.cs的窗体
界面设计很简单，一个DataGridView控件和两个Button控件，如下：
3.创建EmployeeDetail.cs窗体
这个窗体是用来添加、修改DataTable数据的，对应Employee类几个属性的文本框和确定、取消按钮，设计如下：
整个示例就只有这两个简单的窗体，关键代码在后面给出。
4.在内存中创建和Employee类对应的DataTable并添加数据
View Code 1 ///2 /// 获取Employee表 3 /// 4 ///5 public DataTable GetEmployeeTable() 6 { 7 //定义表名称 8 DataTable empDt = new DataTable("Employee"); 9 10 //增加列11 empDt.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(Int64));12 empDt.Columns.Add("FullName", typeof(string));13 empDt.Columns.Add("PhoneNumber", typeof(string));14 empDt.Columns.Add("Email", typeof(string));15 16 //定义主键17 empDt.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[] { empDt.Columns["ID"] };18 19 //增加行数据20 foreach (Employee oneEmp in Employee.GetEmployeeList())21 {22 //获取一个符合Employee表架构的Row对象23 //DataRow oneData = empDt.NewRow();24 25 //oneData["ID"] = oneEmp.ID;26 //oneData["FullName"] = oneEmp.FullName;27 //oneData["PhoneNumber"] = oneEmp.PhoneNumber;28 //oneData["Email"] = oneEmp.Email;29 //empDt.Rows.Add(oneData);30 empDt.Rows.Add(new object[] { oneEmp.ID, oneEmp.FullName, oneEmp.PhoneNumber, oneEmp.Email });31 }32 return empDt;33 }
5.双击DataGridView任意行时，编辑行数据
View Code 1 ///2 /// 双击任意单元格发生 3 /// 4 /// 5 /// 6 private void Employee_DataGrid_CellDoubleClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e) 7 { 8 if (e.RowIndex == -1) return; 9 this.btn_delete.Enabled = true;10 11 Employee oneEmployee = new Employee();12 13 int currentIndex = Employee_DataGrid.CurrentCell.RowIndex;14 oneEmployee.ID = (Int64)(this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].Cells[0].Value);15 oneEmployee.FullName = this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].Cells[1].Value.ToString();16 oneEmployee.PhoneNumber = this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].Cells[2].Value.ToString();17 oneEmployee.Email = this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].Cells[3].Value.ToString();18 19 //DataRow editRow = (this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].DataBoundItem as DataRowView).Row;20 DataRow editRow = (this.Employee_DataGrid.CurrentRow.DataBoundItem as DataRowView).Row;21 22 EmployeeDetail detail = new EmployeeDetail(this.EmployeeTable, oneEmployee, editRow, TableAction.Edit);23 24 if (detail.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)25 {26 //DataRow oneRow = detail.EmployeeEntry;27 //删除成功28 MessageBox.Show("修改成功!");29 }30 }
6.添加删除数据行的代码
1 ///2 /// 删除数据行 3 /// 4 /// 5 /// 6 private void btn_delete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 7 { 8 if (Employee_DataGrid.Rows.Count > 0) 9 {10 int currentIndex = Employee_DataGrid.CurrentCell.RowIndex;11 12 DataRow editRow = (this.Employee_DataGrid.CurrentRow.DataBoundItem as DataRowView).Row;13 // DataRow editRow = (this.Employee_DataGrid.Rows[currentIndex].DataBoundItem as DataRowView).Row;14 if (editRow != null)15 {16 editRow.Delete();17 this.EmployeeTable.AcceptChanges();18 }19 }20 }
7.添加增加数据行的代码
1 ///2 /// 增加数据行 3 /// 4 /// 5 /// 6 private void btn_Add_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 7 { 8 EmployeeDetail detail = new EmployeeDetail(this.EmployeeTable, TableAction.Add); 9 if (detail.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)10 {11 DataRow oneRow = detail.EmployeeEntry;12 try13 {14 this.EmployeeTable.Rows.Add(oneRow);15 this.EmployeeTable.AcceptChanges();16 }17 catch (Exception ex)18 {19 MessageBox.Show("错误:" + ex.Message);20 }21 }22 }
最后我们运行示例程序:
增加数据:
编辑数据:
删除数据:
猛击下载：
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